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JPR Advance Access published online on March 18, 2009
Journal of Plankton Research, doi:10.1093/plankt/fbp020
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Life cycle traits of two transatlantic populations of Eurytemora affinis (Copepoda: Calanoida): salinity effects

Delphine Beyrend-Dur1,2, Sami Souissi1,*, David Devreker1,3, Gesche Winkler4 and Jiang-Shiou Hwang2

1 Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille- Lille 1, Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences, UMR CNRS 8187 LOG, 28 Avenue Foch, F-62930 Wimereux, France 2 Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan 202, ROC 3 Horn Point Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, 2020 Horns Point Road, PO Box 775, Cambridge, MD 21613, USA 4 ISMER, Université de Québec À Rimouski, Quebec, Canada G5L 3A1

* CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: sami.souissi{at}univ-lille1.fr

Received on December 17, 2008; accepted on February 24, 2009


  Abstract

While the populations of the copepod Eurytemora affinis are often morphologically (i.e. taxonomy) indistinguishable, the species complex is composed of genetically distinct clades, representing divergent evolutionary histories. The most distant clades, genetically and morphologically (i.e. phylogeny), are transatlantic clades: North American and European (Lee, 2000). The study of the life cycle strategies of two populations from St. Lawrence salt-marshes (Canada) and from the Seine estuary (France) at three salinities (5, 15 and 25) revealed differences in their salinity tolerance. Individuals from the Seine exhibited high mortality under the highest salinity suggesting that the St. Lawrence population tolerated a wider salinity range. At the lowest salinity, the development time of St. Lawrence individuals was longer than that of individuals from the Seine suggesting that the Seine population was more adapted to low salinity. The clutch size and the longevity of St. Lawrence adults were on average two times higher compared to Seine adults. Thus, the St. Lawrence population exhibited a higher fitness relative to the Seine population. Such differences could be due to genetic differences resulting from divergent evolutionary history, to phenotypic plasticity and/or to the acclimation to culture conditions. We confirmed that a gamma density function is an appropriate fitting function for copepod development time, based on a large data set on development time. It can therefore be integrated into individual-based models of copepod population dynamics.

Corresponding editor: Mark J. Gibbons


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