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JPR Advance Access published online on February 1, 2006
Journal of Plankton Research, doi:10.1093/plankt/fbi128
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received November 13, 2005
Accepted January 30, 2006

Article

Diversity of virus-like agents killing Microcystis aeruginosa in a hyper-eutrophic pond

Mie Honjo 1, Kazuaki Matsui 2, Masaya Ueki 1, Ryota Nakamura 1, Jed A. Fuhrman 3, and Zen’ichiro Kawabata 4 *

1 Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, 509-3, 2chome, Hirano, Otsu 520-2113, Japan
2 Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Tohoku Gakuin University, 1-13-1 Chuo, Tagajo, Miyagi 985-8537, Japan
3 Department of Biological Sciences and the Wrigley Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089 -0371, USA
4 Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, 509-3, 2chome, Hirano, Otsu 520-2113, Japan; Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN), 335 Takashima-cho, Marutamachi-dori, Kawaramachi nishi-iru, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-0878, Japan

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Zen’ichiro Kawabata, E-mail: zen{at}chikyu.ac.jp


  Abstract

We demonstrated the existence of the diversity of virus-like agents killing Microcystis aeruginosa in a shallow hyper -eutrophic pond in Japan, but without specific virus isolation, once in October and twice in December 2001. The pond water was treated by chloroform, filtered throughout GF-75 filter (0.3 µm), and then incubated with axenic M. aeruginosa for 7 days. The cell density of M. aeruginosa decreased ten-fold in the course of the incubation. Results suggested that the active agent for cell death was virus-like, based upon its size fraction (from 30 kDa to 0.3 µm), sensitivity on heat-treatment, and evidence of protein protection of DNA during our extraction procedure. From our results of pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis, two or four different-sized DNA bands appeared from the culture lysate in each experiment. In total, ten different-sized bands (10-90 kb) were observed from the three sample dates, suggesting that multiple virus-like agents killing M. aeruginosa existed in this pond. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the existence of virus -like agents with different genomic size that kill M. aeruginosa.

Communicating Editor: Paul J. Harrison


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