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JPR Advance Access published online on July 26, 2005
Journal of Plankton Research, doi:10.1093/plankt/fbi041
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org
Received March 6, 2005
Accepted June 23, 2005

Article

The energetics of Calanus euxinus: locomotion, filtration of food and specific dynamic action

Leonid S. Svetlichny 1* and Elena S. Hubareva 1

1 Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, 2 Nakhimov AV., Sevastopol 99011, Ukraine

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Leonid S. Svetlichny, E-mail: lsvetlichny{at}mail.ru


  Abstract

The effect of locomotor activity on respiration rate was studied in the food-deprived copepod Calanus euxinus tethered to a force sensor. The power generated by mouth appendages during cruising locomotion, with a frequency of 40 Hz, accounted for 0.026 and 0.0031 W for metabolic and mechanical processes, respectively. To overcome total hydrodynamic drag during foraging with a mean swimming speed of 3.2 cm s-1, the copepods need 0.4 10-3 W, equating to 1.3% of total metabolism. The losses of mechanical energy for body propulsion amounted to 1.3 10-3 W, whilst the cost of feeding current generation run up to 1.8 10-3 W, or 58% of the total. Changing of locomotor activity and respiration rate during feeding was examined separately in tethered and free-swimming copepods. At algal concentration of about 300 µgC L-1 the magnitude of specific dynamic action (SDA) averaged 1.2±0.44 nL O2 µgC-1 h-1 in copepodites V and females, with similar moving activity before and during feeding. The contribution of SDA into total metabolism varied from 23 to 85% in C. euxinus with low activity level and constituted only 10% in active animals. In starved copepods, with low locomotor activity, feeding events stimulated the increase in frequency and total duration of locomotion which resulted in elevated energy expenditure enhancing the "apparent SDA".

Keywords: Calanus euxinus, respiration rate, locomotion, filtration of food, SDA.
Communicating Editor: KJ Flynn
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