Skip Navigation



JPR Advance Access published online on May 20, 2005
Journal of Plankton Research, doi:10.1093/plankt/fbi029
This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow All Versions of this Article:
27/6/531    most recent
fbi029v1
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My Personal Archive
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Riessen, H. P.
Right arrow Articles by Young, J. D.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow Articles by Riessen, H. P.
Right arrow Articles by Young, J. D.
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us  
What's this?

© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org
Received January 18, 2005
Accepted May 11, 2005

Article

Daphnia Defense Strategies in Fishless Lakes and Ponds: One Size Doesn’t Fit All

Howard P. Riessen 1* and Joelle D. Young 2*

1 Department of Biology, SUNY College at Buffalo, 1300 Elmwood Ave., Buffalo, NY 14222, USA
2 Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Howard P. Riessen, E-mail: riessehp{at}buffalostate.edu
Joelle D. Young, E-mail: jdyoung{at}yorku.ca


  Abstract

Body size and neck spine development in Daphnia greatly influence this animal’s vulnerability to predation by the size-selective invertebrate planktivore Chaoborus. We develop a stageclassified matrix population model for Daphnia that investigates the interaction and evolution of these two traits in situations (fishless lakes and ponds) where Chaoborus predation constitutes the major source of mortality. This model produces fitness landscapes for these traits in ten distinct Daphnia environments that are characterized by Chaoborus size (medium- sized C. americanus or large C. trivittatus), Chaoborus density (0-1.0 L-1), and food level (high or low). Larger Daphnia phenotypes are favored in both high and low food environments that contain C. americanus, and also in a high food situation with C. trivittatus. The environments with C. trivittatus and low food availability, however, select for very small, as well as very large, Daphnia phenotypes (small phenotypes are favored more at high Chaoborus densities), but not those that are intermediate in size. The development of neck spines is advantageous in all situations with Chaoborus, but high food environments that contain C. americanus favor their elimination following juvenile development, while the other model environments favor their retention (to various degrees) after maturity. These model predictions describe alternative antipredator strategies, two of which correspond closely with phenotypic patterns exhibited by two species of Daphnia (D. pulex and D. minnehaha) that commonly coexist with Chaoborus in fishless lakes and ponds.

Keywords: antipredator defenses, Chaoborus, Daphnia, fitness landscape, predation.
Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 J PLANKTON RESHome page
J. L. Carvajal-Salamanca, A. Aranguiz-Acuna, R. Ramos-Jiliberto, and L. R. Zuniga
Immediate and delayed life-history responses of Daphnia ambigua to conspecific cues
J. Plankton Res., October 1, 2008; 30(10): 1117 - 1122.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Disclaimer: Please note that abstracts for content published before 1996 were created through digital scanning and may therefore not exactly replicate the text of the original print issues. All efforts have been made to ensure accuracy, but the Publisher will not be held responsible for any remaining inaccuracies. If you require any further clarification, please contact our Customer Services Department.