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JPR Advance Access published online on August 18, 2004
Journal of Plankton Research, doi:10.1093/plankt/fbh129
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Received July 22, 2002
Accepted July 19, 2004

Article

Zooplankton in the Ligurian Sea: Part II. Exploration of their physical and biological forcing functions during summer 2000

Joseph D. Warren 1*, David A. Demer 2, Duncan E. McGehee 3, Rossella Di Mento 4, J. Fabrizio Borsani 4

1 Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA
2 Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 8604 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
3 BAE SYSTEMS, 4669 Murphy Canyon Road, San Diego, CA 92123 USA
4 Istituto Centrale per la Ricerca scientifica e tecnologica Applicata al Mare, Via di Casalotti 300, 00166, Rome, Italy

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: joe.warren{at}liu.edu.


  Abstract

A survey of the biological and physical oceanography of the Ligurian Sea was conducted in the late summer of 2000. Forty-one stations were sampled for nutrients, oxygen, fluorescence, and hydrographic information. Acoustic backscatter measurements were used to estimate abundance of small (<5 mm) zooplankton biovolume versus depth and the distribution of northern krill, Meganyctiphanes norvegica. Net tow and underwater video data were collected to identify the zooplankton present. These data were used to analyze the Ligurian sea ecosystem for physical and biological linkages that control zooplankton abundance and distribution. Results are compared with those from a similar study conducted in 1999. Hydrographic sampling showed a dome of dense water in the southwestern middle of the basin. The highest chlorophyll-a concentrations were measured in this area, while small zooplankton biovolume was evenly distributed throughout the survey. Integrated values of chl-a and small zooplankton biovolume in 2000 were greater than in 1999. M. norvegica, siphonophores, and salps were the dominant components of the macrozooplankton population in the upper 200 m. In the sampled depth strata, siphonophore abundance did not change during the day, while M. norvegica were only caught at night. Acoustic backscatter data show that higher densities of M. norvegica occurred in deeper water and in the western and southwestern areas of the Ligurian Sea.


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