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JPR Advance Access published online on April 5, 2004
Journal of Plankton Research, doi:10.1093/plankt/fbh047
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Received September 4, 2003;
accepted February 2, 2004

Article

Structure of the phytoplankton communities in two lagoons of different salinity in the Sfax saltern (Tunisia)

Habib Ayadi 1, Olfa Abid 1, Abderrahmen Bouaïn 1, and Télesphore Sime-Ngando 2*

1 Laboratoire d’Ecologie Animale et de Planctonologie, Département des Sciences de la Vie, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, BP 802, CP 3018, Sfax, Tunisie
2 Laboratoire de Biologie des Protistes, UMR CNRS 6023, Université Blaise Pascal (Clermont-Ferrand II), 63177 Aubière Cedex, France

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Telesphore.SIME-NGANDO{at}univ-bpclermont.fr.


  Abstract

The structure and ecophysiological characteristics of phytoplankton assemblages were studied for 10 months in two lagoons of different salinity (salinity of 40 and 90) in the saltern of Sfax (Tunisia), in relation to environment factors. These assemblages were largely dominated by diatoms and dinoflagellates that accounted for more than 90% of total abundance. A principal components analysis clearly differentiated the observations made in the two lagoons, the dominant correlate being the salinity. Euryhaline species and particularly diatoms developed preferentially in the less saline lagoon, and were largely replaced by stenohaline species represented by dinoflagellates, which were dominant in the more saline lagoon. The calculation of the pigment diversity index and the species diversity index showed that the phytoplankton assemblages studied were permanently in a juvenile stage, as the species restructuring related to environmental constraints did not allow them to reach the climax stage at any given time in their development. Despite the heavy constraint imposed by the salinity, it is evident that other environmental factors, e.g. temperature, play a role din the regulation of the planktonic communities. Finally, the difference in the size distribution of the total microbial biomass, estimated by the assay of particulate proteins, showed that there was a significant change in the community structure and the planktonic trophic networks, in parallel with the increase in salinity.


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