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JPR Advance Access originally published online on December 4, 2007
Journal of Plankton Research 2008 30(3):221-231; doi:10.1093/plankt/fbm100
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Diversity of Daphnia galeata life history traits in a vertically structured environment

Jirí Machácek* and Jaromír Seda

Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Hydrobiology, and the Faculty of Science of the University of South Bohemia, Na Sádkách 7, 37005 Ceské Budejovice, Czech Republic

* CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: machacek{at}hbu.cas.cz

Received on October 1, 2007; accepted on November 26, 2007


  Abstract

We used laboratory experiments to investigate the life history traits of clonal lineages of Daphnia galeata isolated from two vertically segregated subpopulations in a deep dimictic reservoir: one from the epilimnion and the other from the deep hypolimnion. We collected clones twice for the experiments, first at the beginning of thermal stratification in May and then towards the end of the season in September. The results for May showed longer postembryonic development (PED), bigger eggs in the first clutch and slightly higher somatic increments in the hypolimnetic clones. In addition, a remarkable tendency to produce ephippia was recorded in the hypolimnetic clones, but not in the epilimnetic clones. In September, the results were reversed—hypolimnetic clones had shorter PED, lower somatic increments and a slightly higher number of eggs in the first clutch. Our results suggest a differentiation of life history traits in the two D. galeata populations inhabiting contrasting microhabitats of a reservoir as a result of (i) different depth preferences of certain clones in the beginning of thermal stratification in spring and (ii) divergent selection processes due to segregation in different environmental conditions. The ability of Daphnia to live in diverse environments, causing divergent selection processes, enhances the overall phenotypic and genotypic diversity of the whole reservoir population.

Communicating editor: K.J. Flynn


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