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JPR Advance Access published online on February 28, 2008
Journal of Plankton Research, doi:10.1093/plankt/fbn031
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

WANTED: ALIVE AND NOT DEAD – FUNCTIONING DIATOM STATUS IS A QUALITY CUE FOR THE SUSPENSION-FEEDER CRASSOSTREA GIGAS

Peter G. Beninger1,, Alexandra Valdizan1, Bruno Cognie1, Freddy Guiheneuf2 and Priscilla Decottignies1

1 Laboratoire de Biologie Marine, Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes, 2 Rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes, France

Peter.Beninger{at}univ-nantes.fr

Received on January 30, 2008; revised on February 21, 2008; accepted on February 23, 2008


  Abstract

Understanding the quality cues which govern the grazing of phytoplankton by suspension-feeders is essential to understanding seston dynamics and benthic-pelagic coupling. We studied the effect of functioning cellular status on selection of two common coastal diatoms, Coscinodiscus perforatus var. pavillardii and Actinoptychus senarius, grazed upon by the commercially-farmed oyster, Crassostrea gigas Thunberg. Two contexts were investigated, corresponding to those naturally encountered by oysters and their prey: (1) diatoms (C. perforatus var. pavillardii) larger than the size allowing selection on the gill (hence subject to selection on the labial palps only), and (2) diatoms (A. senarius) within the size range allowing selection on the gill (hence subject to selection on both the gills and labial palps). Both intact and naturally-dead cells possessed a perifrustular envelope, but the naturally-dead cells lacked intracellular organic content. Oysters were able to discriminate between intact and naturally-dead (empty) cells, both in the absence of prior selection on the gill, and subsequent to prior selection on the gill. In contrast to previous findings in scallops, functioning cellular status is thus an important determinant of diatom selection and ingestion by oysters. This fine degree of discrimination may have evolved as an adaptation to the high-turbidity, low food - quality estuarine environment typically colonized by oysters. The reduced organic content of rejected diatom cells in oyster pseudofaeces may affect the organic content of biodeposits, and subsequently the dynamics of nutrient release to the water column during mixing and resuspension.

Key Words: Coscinodiscus • Actinoptychus • Crassostrea • selection • quality

2 Present adress: Laboratoire de Physiologie et Biochimie Végétale, Université du Maine, IUT de Laval, Département Génie biologique, 52 Rue des Docteurs Calmette et Guerin, 53000 Laval, France

Communicating Editor: Dr Roger Harris


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