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JOURNAL OF PLANKTON RESEARCH | VOLUME 9 | NUMBER 6 | PAGES 1093-1112 | 1987
© Oxford University Press

research-article

The cyclomorphic response of Daphnia galeata mendotae: polymorphism or phenotypic plasticity

G. Stirling and D.J. McQueen

Department of Biology, York University 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada

Received on December 1, 1986; accepted on August 25, 1987 This study tests the hypothesis that cyclomorphosis in Daphnia galeata mendotae is equated with seasonal changes in the genetic structure of populations. Multilocus electrophoretic genotyping of individual D. g. mendotae was used to identify related parthenogenetic lines. Between different clones and genotypes, there was phenotypic variability in both laboratory and field populations. Within clones and within genotypes, and in the absence of intense invertebrate predation, phenotypic expression was conservative. These patterns suggested that there was a correlation between phenotypic and genetic change. However, in the field, only two of three populations showed seasonal changes in genotypic frequency, whereas all three showed seasonal changes in phenorype. Furthermore, the patterns of phenotypic change seen in the field populations were different and appeared to be correlated with changes in physical conditions and predation pressure. We conclude that helmet morphology within genotypes is plastic enough to account for much of the seasonal variability observed in three populations of D. g. mendotae and that genotypic frequency changes are not necessary to explain seasonal changes in D. g. mendotae phenotype.


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