JOURNAL OF PLANKTON RESEARCH | VOLUME 3 | NUMBER 3 | PAGES 389-401 | 1981
© Oxford University Press
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Observations on pigments and morphology of Gyrodinium aureolum Hulburt, a marine dinoflagellate containing 19' -hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin as the main carotenoid
Department of Marine Biology and Limnology, Section of Marine Botany, University of Oslo P.O.Box 1069, Blindern, Oslo 3, Norway
Received on June 1, 1980; accepted on January 1, 1981
Gyrodinium aureolum, a common "red tide" dinoflagellate in European waters often associated with fish mortality, was isolated from the Oslofjord, Norway, and analysed for chlorophylls and carotenoids. Besides chlorophyll a and c the following carotenoids were characterized by thin-layer chromatography, visible light spectrophotometry and mass spectrometry: ß,
-carotene, ß,ß-carotene, djatoxanthin, diadinoxanthin, 19'-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin and 3 xanthophylls which could not be correlated with hitherto structurally known carotenoids from dinoflagellates. G. aureolum deviates from most dinoflagellates by the lack of peridinin, but shows affinity with Gyrodinium sp.-A by the possession of 19'-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin.
Preliminary light microscopical observations on the internal structure indicate that G. aureolum is uni-nucleate with a typical dinokaryotic nucleus containing continually condensed chromosomes. The chloroplasts seem to possess an internal pyrenoid like some other dinoflagellates with deviating carotenoid pigmentation. The similarity in carotenoid pigmentation and chloroplast structure of Emiliania huxleyi (Prymnesiophyceae) and Gyrodinium sp.-A and G.aureolum (Dinophyceae) is pointed out. The potential chemotaxonomic value of the carotenoid composition in establishing identity with morphologically similar and ichthyotoxic dinoflagellates is briefly discussed.
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