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JPR Advance Access originally published online on March 1, 2006
Journal of Plankton Research 2006 28(5):459-471; doi:10.1093/plankt/fbi148
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Scaling-up from nutrient physiology to the size-structure of phytoplankton communities

Andrew J. Irwin1,*, Zoe V. Finkel2,*,{dagger}, Oscar M. E. Schofield2 and Paul G. Falkowski2

1 Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada and 2 Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, 71 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA

{dagger} Present Address: Environmental Science Program, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB, Canada

* Corresponding Author: airwin{at}mta.ca

Received August 3, 2005; accepted in principle February 1, 2006; accepted for publication February 27, 2006; published online March 1, 2006
Communicating editor: K.J. Flynn

In many community assemblages, the abundance of organisms is a power-law function of organism size. In phytoplankton communities, changes in size structure associated with increases in resource availability and total biomass have often been interpreted as a release from grazer control. A metapopulation-like approach is used to scale up from the individual physiological responses to environmental conditions to community size structure assuming the community taxonomic composition reflects the species pool. We show that the size scaling of cellular nutrient requirements and growth can cause (1) the power-law relationship between cell size and abundance, (2) dominance of small phytoplankton cells under oligotrophic conditions, and (3) relative increase in abundance of larger phytoplankton cells under eutrophic conditions. If physiological differences associated with the taxonomic composition of different community size fractions are considered, then the model can replicate detailed field observations such as the absence of small, slow-growing Prochlorococcus spp. and the relative dominance of large diatom species in nutrient-rich, upwelling regions of the ocean.

This paper was presented in a session on "Size Structure of Plankton Communities", at the ASLO Summer International Meeting, held in Santiago de Compostela, Spain, between 19 and 24 June, and coordinated by Xabier Irigoien, Roger Harris and Angel Lopez-Urrutia.


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