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JPR Advance Access originally published online on September 30, 2004
Journal of Plankton Research 2005 27(1):47-60; doi:10.1093/plankt/fbh149
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Journal of Plankton Research Vol. 27 No. 1 © Oxford University Press 2004; all rights reserved

Temperature responses of three Fibrocapsa japonica strains (Raphidophyceae) from different climate regions

M. Karin de Boer1,*, Elise M. Koolmees1, Engel G. Vrieling2, Anneke M. Breeman1 and Marion van Rijssel1

1 Department of Marine Biology, Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies, University of Groningen, Biological Center, P.O. Box 14, 9750 Aa Haren, The Netherlands and 2 Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Biological Center, P.O. BOX 14, 9750 AA Haren, The Netherlands

* Corresponding Author: m.k.boer{at}biol.rug.nl

Received July 15, 2004; accepted in principle August 11, 2004; accepted for publication September 14, 2004; published online September 30, 2004

The harmful bloom alga Fibrocapsa japonica has a worldwide distribution in temperate regions and is occasionally responsible for mass mortality of fish. Little is known about requirements for optimal growth and survival of this species, especially about temperature constraints that define natural distribution. Therefore, we studied thermal traits in three Fibrocapsa strains from different climate regions. All strains were eurythermal and viable between 4 and 32°C, explaining their presence in temperate regions. Some differences in temperature response among the strains were observed, not only for growth rate but also for biovolume and net production. The implication of the observed responses was evaluated by translating growth performance of strains in the laboratory to potential performance in the natural habitats. Only the Japanese strain seemed to be well adapted to its environment, while the New Zealand strain exhibited growth and survival over a much broader temperature range, despite the small temperature fluctuations in its habitat. Interestingly, the German Wadden Sea strain encounters lethal temperatures in winter and must have a resting stage, able to survive temperatures <4°C, to explain its occurrence in this region. However, in general, the responses of the three F. japonica strains in culture were in good agreement with the observed seasonal occurrence in the field.


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