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JPR Advance Access originally published online on February 6, 2004
Journal of Plankton Research 2004 26(3):315-324; doi:10.1093/plankt/fbh025
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Journal of Plankton Research Vol. 26 No. 3 © Oxford University Press 2004; all rights reserved

Changes in pigmentation, bio-optical characteristics and photophysiology, during phytoflagellate succession in mesocosms

Matilde S. Chauton*, Gavin H. Tilstone1, Catherine Legrand2 and Geir Johnsen

Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Biology, Trondhjem Biological Station, 7491 Trondheim, Norway, 1 Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, West Hoe, Plymouth PL1 3DH, UK and 2 University of Kalmar, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Marine Science Division, S-39182 Kalmar, Sweden

* Corresponding Author: matilde.chauton{at}bio.ntnu.no

Pigmentation, bio-optical characteristics and photophysiology, were studied in mesocosms with different N:P ratios. No significant difference in biomass or species composition was seen under different nitrogen to phosphorus ratios (N:P), but a temporal succession of different flagellate groups was observed in all mesocosms. An initial bloom of prymnesiophytes containing chlorophyll (Chl) c and 19' hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin (19' HOF) was followed by prasinophytes containing Chl b. Electron microscope analysis confirmed the presence of genera such as Chrysochromulina (Prymnesiophyceae), Tetraselmis and Pyramimonas (Prasinophyceae). Traces of prasinoxanthin in the pigment samples showed that smaller prasinophytes were also present. Chl b influenced the photophysiology of the prasinophytes resulting in higher Chl a-specific absorption, but a greater difference between absorption and scaled fluorescence excitation spectra indicated that light absorbed by Chl b is associated with photosystem I (PSI). Since a larger fraction of the light was absorbed by chlorophyll in PSI and/or photoprotective carotenoids, the light-saturated Chl a-specific rate of photosynthesis (PBm) and maximum light utilization coefficient ({alpha}B) decreased when [Chl b] increased. The highest PBm values were seen when the ratios of fucoxanthins to Chl a were high, indicating that prymnesiophytes might be more efficient in light harvesting and electron transport through photosystem II (PSII) by fucoxanthins and Chl c. Our results therefore indicate different light acclimation strategies in prasinophytes versus prymnesiophytes, which may be reflected in the successional appearance of these communities in the natural environment. We also suggest that grazing by ciliates and rotifers caused periodic decreases in phytoplankton biomass, which in turn gave rise to the phytoflagellate succession observed in the mesocosms.


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