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Journal of Plankton Research Vol.23 no.7 pp.733-744, 2001
© Oxford University Press 2001

Growth, Survivorship and Reproduction of Daphnia middendorffiana in Several Arctic Lakes and Ponds

P. M. Yurista1,3 and W. J. O'brien2,4

1 Department Of Biology, University Of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mi 48109, Usa And 2 Department Of Ecology And Evolutionary Biology, University Of Kansas, Lawrence, Ka 66045, Usa

3 Present Addresses: Us Epa (med) 6201 Congdon BlvD. Duluth, Mn 55804, Usa And

4 University Of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, Nc 27402-6170, Usa

The growth, survivorship and reproduction of Arctic region Daphnia middendorffiana was investigated in several lakes and ponds on the tundra in northern Alaska and additionally in a laboratory study. Growth rate equations, reproduction rates and survivorship under natural conditions were determined. The natural environments differed in the available resources; investigations were made in undisturbed oligotrophic lakes, lakes undergoing nutrient manipulations, lakes recovering from nutrient manipulation, and a small human-created pond. The lakes also differed in the presence or absence of fish. The results indicated that resource availability affected the growth, survivorship and reproduction of D. middendorffiana. The lake with the highest resources produced the greatest reproduction and growth. The environments with the lowest resources had the least reproduction. Secondly, resource level was observed to influence life history choices. Under low resource conditions D. middendorffiana produced ephippia at first reproduction rather than neonates. Third, the results also indicated that refuge from predation significantly affects the distribution of D. middendorffiana. Lakes that contain fish do not support significant populations of D. middendorffiana, although the growth and survivorship studies indicate they could do well in those environments.


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