Journal of Plankton Research Vol.22 no.5 pp.923-937, 2000
© Oxford University Press 2000
Survival of tropical ballast water organisms during a cruise from the Indian Ocean to the North Sea
Institut für Meereskunde, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany and 1 Taxonomische Arbeitsgruppe der Biologischen Anstalt Helgoland, Zoologisches Institut und Museum, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
2 To whom correspondence should be addressed
In an assessment of non-indigenous species transported by international ship traffic to German waters, commissioned by the German Federal Environmental Agency, the survival of tropical plankton organisms in ballast water was studied by accompanying a container vessel on its 23-day voyage from Singapore to Bremerhaven in Germany. Two tanks, one filled off Singapore and the other off Colombo, Sri Lanka, were monitored for their phyto- and zooplankton content by daily sampling. As already reported in previous studies, species abundance and diversity, especially of zooplankton, decreased sharply during the first days, and only a few specimens survived the whole cruise. The contents of the Colombo tank, however, changed dramatically during the last week. The harpacticoid copepod, Tisbe graciloides, increased its abundance by a factor of 100 from 0.1 to 10ind. l1 within a few days. This is the first time that a ballast water organism has been found to multiply at such a high rate. Opportunistic species such as Tisbe are apparently able to thrive and propagate in ballast water tanks under certain conditions. Ballast water tanks may thus serve as incubators for certain species depending on their characteristics.
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