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Journal of Plankton Research Vol.22 no.4 pp.761-777, 2000
© Oxford University Press 2000

On the reorientation of non-spherical prey particles in a feeding current

André W. Visser and Per R. Jonsson1

Danish Institute for Fisheries Research, Department of Marine and Coastal Ecology, Kavalergården, DK-2920 Charlottenlund, Denmark and 1 Tjärnö Marine Biological Laboratory, Göteborg University, SE-452 96 Strömstad, Sweden

Potentially, non-spherical prey can be re-oriented in a flow field and impact on the predator's feeding structures in a non-random manner. Herein, we quantify a process whereby this passive reorientation occurs, and present a model that predicts the orientation of a spheroidal prey as a function of its shape, size and the characteristics of the fluid flow. For a radial flow field, elongated prey tend to align with their long axis parallel to streamlines. This theory is well supported by our results from a laboratory study of cylindrical particles in a siphon flow. The model is extended to a more realistic representation of copepod feeding currents. In this context, the spatial scale over which this process is active is proportional to {varepsilon} –1/4 where {varepsilon} is the turbulent dissipation rate. For a range of natural turbulence levels, re-orientation efficiency can range from >90% (low turbulence) to <10% (high turbulence).


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