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Journal of Plankton Research, Vol 21, 1681-1690, Copyright © 1999 by Oxford University Press

ORIGINAL ARTICLES

Influence of nutrient ratios on the in vitro extracellular polysaccharide production by marine diatoms from the Adriatic Sea

A Penna, S Berluti, N Penna and M Magnani
Centro Biologia Ambientale, University of Urbino, via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy

Three different species of marine diatoms, Nitzschia closterium (Ehr) Smith, Chaetoceros sp. (Ehr) and Skeletonema costatum (Grev) Cleve, were isolated from the Adriatic sea and studied in vitro for the production of extracellular carbohydrates. Variations of the nitrogen (N)/phosphorus (P)/silicon (Si) ratios in the growth medium affect the accumulation and release of carbohydrates. In the N.closterium cultures at high N/P ratio, the rate of extracellular polysaccharide release was higher both in rapidly growing cells (2.14 g per 106 cells day-1 and in stationary phase (1.0 g per 106 cells day-1) compared to S.costatum and Chaetoceros sp. Instead, at low N/P ratios, S.costatum and Chaetoceros sp. produced large amounts of extracellular polysaccharides during the logarithmic phase, compared to N.closterium, with values of 10 g per 106 cells day-1 for S.costatum and 2.8 g per 106 cells day-1 for Chaetoceros sp., respectively; in particular, only S.costatum was able to produce extracellular carbohydrates (1.2 g per 106 cells day-1) during the stationary phase of growth. Under Si limitation, any of the three diatom species produce extracellular polysaccharides both in the logarithmic and stationary phase of growth. The potential ecological significance of these findings is discussed.
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