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JOURNAL OF PLANKTON RESEARCH | VOLUME 20 | NUMBER 10 | PAGES 1889-1914 | 1998
© Oxford University Press

research-article

Responses of epilimnetic phytoplankton to experimental nutrient enrichment in three small seepage lakes

Kathryn L. Cottingham1,3, Stephen R. Carpenter1 and Ann L.St. Amand2

1Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin 680 N. Park Street, Madison, WI 53706 2PhycoTech 520 Pleasant Street, Suite 210, St Joseph, MI 49085, USA

Received on January 28, 1998; accepted on April 27, 1998

This paper describes the responses of three epilimnetic phytoplankton communities to experimental nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment as compared to the phytoplankton community in a fourth, unmanipulated, lake. Increased nutrient inputs increased total phytoplankton biomass, primary productivity, chlorophytes, cryptomonads and species turnover rates in all three enriched lakes; cyanobacteria increased in two of the three enriched lakes. However, nutrient addition also led to declines in previously dominant dinoflagellates and chrysophytes, and in species diversity. At the species level, there were large changes in community composition from year to year in both enriched and reference lakes, suggesting that phytoplankton community composition is highly dynamic even in the absence of enrichment. Overall, changes in total biomass, productivity and species diversity were consistent among the enriched lakes, while changes in species composition differed due to variation in the physical, chemical and biotic environment of each lake. This suggests that aggregated variates are more useful for quantitative prediction of nutrient effects, while species responses can be used to signal qualitative differences in environmental conditions among lakes.

3Present address: Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, 6044 Gilman Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755-3576, USA


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