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JOURNAL OF PLANKTON RESEARCH | VOLUME 17 | NUMBER 1 | PAGES 131-163 | 1995
© Oxford University Press

research-article

Planktonic sarcodines (Acantharia, Radiolaria, Foraminifera) in surface waters near Bermuda: abundance, biomass and vertical flux

Anthony F. Michaels, David A. Caron1, Neil R. Swanberg2, Frances A. Howse and Claire M. Michaels

Bermuda Biological Station for Research, Inc. Ferry Reach, GEO1, Bermuda 1Biology Department, 324 Redfield Bldg, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA 2International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Box 50005, S-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden

Received on March 23, 1994; accepted on September 2, 1994 The abundance biomass and vertical flux of large planktonic Foraminifera. Acanthana and polycystine Radiolaria were determined in surface waters of the Sargasso Sea southeast of Bermuda. On average, Acanthana were the most abundant group (~106 m-2 integrated over the upper 150 m) Foraminifera were present at abundances approximately one order of magnitude less than the Acantharia, while Radiolaria (primarily colonial species) were too sparse to allow accurate abundance estimates. Nevertheless, the average integrated biomass of Radiolaria in the upper 150 m was approximately equal to the biomass of Acantharia (2.6 versus 2.8 mg C m-2. Averaged integrated biomass of planktonic Foraminifera was approximately one-half of the values for Acantharia and Radiolaria (1.4 mg C m-2 Sarcodine fluxes averaged 15.5% of the total carbon flux Acantharia were consistently a few percent of the sinking material caught in sediment traps deployed at 150 m. Radiolaria and Foraminifera had higher average contributions than Acantharia. but both of these averages were dominated by data from a few cruises with extremely high fluxes Observed fluxes of Radiolaria were highly variable because of their coloniality and patchy distribution. When present in trap matenal, however, they constituted a significant fraction of the material caught in short-term trap deployments.


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