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JOURNAL OF PLANKTON RESEARCH | VOLUME 16 | NUMBER 8 | PAGES 1003-1019 | 1994
© Oxford University Press

research-article

Zooplankton prey selection by juvenile fish in Nova Scotian Shelf basins

D. Sameoto, J. Neilson1 and D. Waldron2

1Department of Fisheries and Oceans St Andrew's Biological Station, St Andrew's, NB, EOG 2X0 210 Jill Court Markham, Ontario, L3P 3R9, Canada Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Biological Sciences, Bedford Institute of Oceanography Dartmouth, NS, B2Y 4A2

Received on November 8, 1993; accepted on March 19, 1994 The stomach contents of fish <100 mm standard length (SL) and fish >100 mm SL collected during June and October in two deep basins on the Scotian Shelf, showed that juvenile co( and silver hake fed primarily on the two most abundant species of zooplankton in the basins: Calanus finmarchicus and Meganyctiphanes norvegica. These zooplankton were abundant in the basin: during the 2 months, forming high concentrations at depths below 200 m during the day. In June fish (<100 mm SL) concentrated in the upper 50 m during both day and night. Cod and wolffisl collected between 195 and 240 m had a large percentage of C.finmarchicus in their stomachs suggesting that these fish exploited the high concentrations of C.finmarchicus below 200 m depth There was no evidence that Calanus hyperboreus was eaten by any juvenile fish species. Calanus finmarchicus was the most common prey of cod feeding in the top 50 m, but the percentages o C.finmarchicus stages IV and V were lower in the stomachs than in the water column. Cod showed ; strong preference for M.norvegica, with this prey species having a modified Ivlev's index of 1 indicating that cod were highly selective for this species. There was no evidence that C.hyperboreus. stage IV was eaten by any of the species offish. Silver hake and dogfish (>100 mm SL) both feed oi M.norvegica and C.finmarchicus in the deep regions of the basins. In October, silver hake was the most common juvenile fish in the basins, feeding primarily on small stages of M.norvegica. The populations of fish (>100 mm SL) in the basins were mainly species known to feed heavily or euphausiids. The two basins are unique regions of the shelf because of the large populations of Calanus copepods and M.norvegica they contain all the year around, thereby providing an atrractive feeding ground for many species of fish, particularly silver hake.


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